how to use an art projector
An art projector is a handy tool for artists of all skill levels. Photorealist painters traditionally used a projector to enlarge and transfer the image from their small photo onto a large canvas. In addition to projectors, there are also 2 other methods you can use: the grid method and transfer paper.
How do you decide which of these 3 methods is easiest for you? Read through these pages to compare and contrast the different methods and processes, starting with the almighty projector. Buying a projector can be a costly experience (depending on the type you want and whether you buy it new or used), so read through this page to help figure out which type of projector is best for your needs and your budget.
This is Page 8 of a 15-page guide explaining how
to paint photorealistically, but it can also be handy for anyone wanting to learn about the different types of art projectors.
If you want to learn how to paint photorealism in acrylics, click below to see the Table of Contents: How
to Paint Photorealism: A Step-by-Step Guide on How to Paint Your Own
Photorealistic Paintings
LED Projector
The Artograph LED200 Art Projector is a new digital art projector that is receiving rave reviews from artists. If I were to buy an art projector now, this is the one I would get for several reasons:
- It works digitally, which means it can project photos from nearly any digital source: computers, memory cards, digital cameras, and even smartphones. If you create murals, all you need to do is hook up your laptop, camera or memory card to the LED200 and you can project an image! The advantage of this is that you don't need to print out the image or have a slide or transparency made. It's super-convenient.
- The Artograph LED200 can create sharp, clear images in almost any lighting situation, whereas other art projectors require a dark (if not pitch-black) room (which you can read about more below, when I discuss other types of art projectors). Since the LED200 can produce clear images even in a lighted room, this gives it a huge advantage over the other types of projectors.
- You can make big projections - over 80 inches (!) which is great for mural work or super-large paintings on canvas or wood panels.
- The LED200 as several image functions which may come in handy, such as changing a color image into black and white, or projecting a grid over the image.
- Artograph is a trusted brand that specializes in designing and manufacturing art projectors. I have owned one of their opaque projectors and its quality and usefulness give me confidence in the company's products.
- A final bonus is that this art projector can be used to create a home theater or game room, because it can project movies and video games on a large scale!
The only real downside I can see to the Artograph LED200 is the price - currently around $600. However, for serious artists and professionals (especially muralists or photorealists who want to create large-scale paintings), the LED200 may be well worth the money, given its quality, convenience and portability.
Opaque Projector
If you plan to
do a large scale painting, you could also look into using an
opaque projector,
which will enlarge your image so that you can trace the outline.
Here's how to use an opaque projector:
You will need a small paper copy of your photograph, between 5 sq inches and 7 sq inches, depending on the size of your art projector's opening. Place the image in the opening, turn on the machine and turn off the lights in the room. Make sure you have enough space to be able to pull the machine far back if you need to make a really big version. The projected image will appear on the wall, so you'll need to position your canvas securely on the wall, and arrange the projector so that the enlarged image fits correctly within the size of the canvas. This might take some fiddling to get it just right. Double-check that the canvas is perfectly straight and flat against the wall, and that the projector rests perfectly flat upon its surface - otherwise the picture will turn out slightly distorted. You can see the illustration below for an idea of how it all works.
You'll need to make sure that the art projector stays in place the entire time as you are drawing the image. Keep the dogs, cats and tiny children out of the room. The slightest nudge of the projector will knock the projection out of alignment, and it may or may not be easy to realign the projection with your previous tracings. You don't want to take any chances! For the same reason, make sure you have enough time to trace the whole thing in one go.
Pros and cons to using opaque projectors
The pros to using an opaque projector is that it is an easy way to enlarge to a really big scale - anything over at least 18" x 24". If you plan to work on a scale that is 16" x 20" or smaller, I would suggest using one of the other methods of transferring the image. Also, all you need is a print-out of the image, and not a slide or transparency.
The cons to using an opaque projector are (1) the expense and (2) the need for a dark room. Let's look at these 2 points further:
- It's probably only worth investing in an art projector (of any type) if you think it will get a lot of use. Projectors cost anywhere between $50 for a basic one up to $525 for a really professional one. You do get what you pay for - the cheaper ones will not be able to project as much detail or with as much clarity as the more expensive models. The more expensive projectors will produce an image that is bright and sharp and easy to trace. Keep this in mind, as it is important - it can be frustrating not being able to see all the tiny details if you need to. I've used a projector of average quality and price (around $125-150), and I enlarged an image to 16" x 20", and still some areas were blurry and needed to be pencilled in later using good old-fashioned hand and eye coordination. I suppose that if I had enlarged the image a lot more, to 30" x 40" or so, there would have less tiny detail and then perhaps the projector would have suited my needs better.
- Opaque projectors require a really dark room for you to be able to see the projection clearly. This can be annoying or downright difficult - although if you need to, you'll probably learn to adapt and make the best of it (which is what I did). If you can spend a few extra bucks, consider getting an LED projector like the Artograph LED200, which doesn't need a dark room to produce crystal-clear results.
Artograph makes
an excellent range of opaque projectors specifically with artists
in mind. The Artograph
MC250 Professional Opaque Projector
is their top-of-the-line offering for opaque projectors. Trace-Master
Projectors
offers
affordable alternatives.
Slide Projector
The original photorealists of the late 1960s and 70s commonly used slide projectors to enlarge their images. They would have slides made of their photographs, insert the slide into a slide projector and trace the enlarged image onto their canvas. The process is basically the same as using an opaque projector, only you will need to have a slide made of your photo. In the US, Slides.com is a convenient and inexpensive way to get slides from digital files.
You will also need a slide projector. You can acquire a used slide projector on Ebay for around $30, which is a lot cheaper than an opaque projector. You can get a new one for $100-200. Although I haven't used a slide projector myself for the purpose of tracing the enlarged image, I imagine that a crisp, clear slide inside a good slide projector should make a really accurate enlargement that would be easier to trace than the projection you would get from of a middle-range opaque projector.
Important Tip When Using Slide Projectors: "When using a slide projector you have to be careful of lamp life. I once did a large drawing only to have the lamp burn out right before I was done. Trust me you can never line up the image again." - Emile Dillon, photorealist artist |
Kopykake
K-35 Single-Slide Art Projector
LCD Projector or DLP Projector
Another type of projector you can use is an LCD or DLP projector that you can connect directly to your laptop. These projectors cost several hundred to several thousand dollars, so again, it's only worth investing in one if you know it'll be getting a lot of use. The added benefits of an LPD projector or DLP projector is that they can also be used to play videos or give presentations, so there is more potential for them to be used for entertainment or work purposes than a slide projector or opaque projector. However, if you have access to an LCD or DLP projector via school or work, it would be worth a shot using one of their machines for free, if you can. Doesn't hurt to ask!
Overhead Projector
I remember when I was a student in school, all the teachers used overhead projectors to project their lessons onto the wall, and the images were always quite crisp and clear. This makes them an excellent candidate for enlarging reference photos!
To use an overhead projector, you will need a transparency of your reference photo. These days you can get inkjet transparencies that go through your home printer, so you can quickly and easily print them off yourself. The downside is that overhead projectors do cost a few hundred smackeroos, and there's a good chance that you may not get much use out of them, other than to enlarge your photos. This is fine if you'll be enlarging all the time, but mostly you'll be spending your time painting! I would suggest only investing in one if you would use it also for school or work purposes. On that note, if you have one at your school or workplace, see if you can borrow it to enlarge your image!
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Read a current and historical overview of Photorealist painting techniques and methods. It is beneficial to familarize yourself with this information before you embark on your own journey to create photorealistic paintings.
Familiarize yourself with the Photorealist art movement by reading my overview of Photorealism.
